Gerhana Matahari Terlama Abad ini (5 menit) Pada tanggal 22 Juli 2009
7:33 AM Author: Unggul Gautomo
Bendera nasional Indonesia adalah sebuah bendera berdesain sederhana dengan dua warna yang dibagi menjadi dua bagian secara mendatar (horizontal). Warnanya diambil dari warna Kerajaan Majapahit. Sebenarnya tidak hanya kerajaan Majapahit saja yang memakai bendera merah putih sebagai lambang kebesaran. Sebelum Majapahit, kerajaan Kediri telah memakai panji-panji merah putih.
Selain itu, bendera perang Sisingamangaraja IX dari tanah Batak pun memakai warna merah putih sebagai warna benderanya , bergambar pedang kembar warna putih dengan dasar merah menyala dan putih. Warna merah dan putih ini adalah bendera perang Sisingamangaraja XII. Dua pedang kembar melambangkan piso gaja dompak, pusaka raja-raja Sisingamangaraja I-XII.
Ketika terjadi perang di Aceh, pejuang – pejuang Aceh telah menggunakan bendera perang berupa umbul-umbul dengan warna merah dan putih, di bagian belakang diaplikasikan gambar pedang, bulan sabit, matahari, dan bintang serta beberapa ayat suci Al Quran.
Di zaman kerajaan Bugis Bone,Sulawesi Selatan sebelum Arung Palakka, bendera Merah Putih, adalah simbol kekuasaan dan kebesaran kerajaan Bone.Bendera Bone itu dikenal dengan nama Woromporang.
Pada waktu perang Jawa (1825-1830 M) Pangeran Diponegoro memakai panji-panji berwarna merah putih dalam perjuangannya melawan Belanda.
Bendera yang dinamakan Sang Merah Putih ini pertama kali digunakan oleh para pelajar dan kaum nasionalis pada awal abad ke-20 di bawah kekuasaan Belanda. Setelah Perang Dunia II berakhir, Indonesia merdeka dan mulai menggunakan bendera ini sebagai bendera nasional.
Arti Warna
Bendera Indonesia memiliki makna filosofis. Merah berarti berani, putih berarti suci. Merah melambangkan tubuh manusia, sedangkan putih melambangkan jiwa manusia. Keduanya saling melengkapi dan menyempurnakan untuk Indonesia.
Ditinjau dari segi sejarah, sejak dahulu kala kedua warna merah dan putih mengandung makna yang suci. Warna merah mirip dengan warna gula jawa/gula aren dan warna putih mirip dengan warna nasi. Kedua bahan ini adalah bahan utama dalam masakan Indonesia, terutama di pulau Jawa. Ketika Kerajaan Majapahit berjaya di Nusantara, warna panji-panji yang digunakan adalah merah dan putih (umbul-umbul abang putih). Sejak dulu warna merah dan putih ini oleh orang Jawa digunakan untuk upacara selamatan kandungan bayi sesudah berusia empat bulan di dalam rahim berupa bubur yang diberi pewarna merah sebagian. Orang Jawa percaya bahwa kehamilan dimulai sejak bersatunya unsur merah sebagai lambang ibu, yaitu darah yang tumpah ketika sang jabang bayi lahir, dan unsur putih sebagai lambang ayah, yang ditanam di gua garba.
Its colors are derived from the banner of the 13th century Majapahit Empire. Later, these colors were revived by students and then nationalists in the early 20th century as an expression of nationalism against the Dutch. The red-white flag was flown for the first time in Java in 1928. Under Dutch rule, the flag was prohibited. It was adopted as the national flag on August 17, 1945, when independence was declared and has been in use since then. The official name of the flag is Sang Merah Putih (The Red White) according to Article 35 of the 1945 Constitution. The flag is commonly called Bendera Merah Putih (Red White Flag). Occasionally, it is also called Sang Dwiwarna (The bicolor). Sang Saka Merah Putih (The Lofty Red White) refers to the historical flag called Bendera Pusaka (heirloom flag) and its replica. The Bendera Pusaka is the flag that was flown in front of Soekarno's house a few moments after he proclaimed Indonesia's independence on August 17, 1945. The original Bendera Pusaka was sewn by Mrs. Fatmawati Soekarno, and was hoisted every year in front of the presidential palace during the independence day ceremony. It was hoisted for the last time on August 17, 1968. Since then it has been preserved and replaced by a replica because the original flag was deemed to be too fragile
Meaning of the flag
The red stands for courage, while the white stands for purity. The red represents human's body or physical life, while white represents human's soul or spiritual life. Together they stand for a complete human being.
Traditionally, most Indonesians have used red and white as their sacred colors, mixing the color of sugar (the red color comes from palm sugar or gula aren) and rice (white in color). Inarguably, until today, both of these are the major components of daily Indonesian cuisine or cooking. Apparently, the Javanese's Majapahit Kingdom also used this concept and designed their flag as red and white (9 stripes of each). Moreover, the red and white colors are also used for the Indonesia's distant cousin, Madagascar's as the color of the national flag
Film ini dibesut dalam format seluloid 35 millimeter dengan tim internasional yang terdiri atas ahli special effects dan veteran perfilman Hollywood yakni Koordinator efek khusus dari Inggris Adam Howarth yang pernah menangani film SAVING PRIVATE RYAN dan BLACKHAWK DOWN, dan juga melibatkan koordinator stuntman (pemeran pengganti, red) Rocky McDonald yang juga pernah menangani MISSION IMPOSSIBLE II dan THE QUIET AMERICAN.
Make-up dan visual effects oleh Rob Trenton yang pernah menangani film THE DARK KNIGHT, Konsultan ahli persenjataan adalah John Bowring yang pernah memegang CROCODILE DUNDEE II, THE MATRIX, THE THIN RED LINE, AUSTRALIA, X-MEN ORIGINS: WOLVERINE dan Asisten Sutradara adalah Mark Knight yang pernah menangani DECEMBER BOYS dan BEAUTIFUL.
Memasuki Maret, film sedang dalam tahap syuting di Semarang dan Bandungan, Jawa Tengah. Pengambilan gambar juga dilakukan di Yogyakarta, Jakarta dan Bali, mulai Januari hingga akhir April 2009. Film pertama dari tiga film Trilogi Kemerdekaan ini, akan siap dirilis pada hari Kemerdekaan Indonesia, 17 Agustus 2009.
"Sejauh ini tidak ada banyak kendala selama proses produksi. Hanya soal jadwalnya saja yang berubah-ubah karena kendala cuaca mendung atau hujan dan hampir seluruhnya pengambilan gambar di luar ruangan," demikian ungkap sutradara Yadi Sugandi.-- Authorities investigating the twin hotel bombings in Jakarta have found the remains of another person and believe a notorious Malaysian-born militant fugitive may be behind the assault, police said Saturday.
Police investigate the aftermath of a bomb blast at a restaurant in the Marriot hotel in Jakarta.
The Friday bombings of the luxury JW Marriott and Ritz Carlton hotels killed at least nine people -- including at least two presumed suicide bombers -- and wounded more than 50 others.
Anti-terrorism officials are investigating the links between the attacks and Noordin M. Top, the suspected leader of a small Jemaah Islamiyah splinter group. JI has ties to Osama bin Laden's al Qaeda terrorist network, but so far there has been no claim of responsibility for the latest attack.
Top is reportedly an officer, recruiter, bombmaker, and trainer for the JI group that was involved in a previous attack on the Marriott -- in August 2003 -- as well as attacks on a Bali nightclub in 2003 and the Australian Embassy in Jakarta in 2004, according to the FBI. Video Watch analysts discuss potential suspects »
"We cannot clearly determine at this time if these bombings are linked to Noordin Top's network. We have only established similarities in the explosive cache that were found in the island of Java and the Bali bombings," police said. Video Watch footage of the scene of the blasts »
Indonesia's National Police Chief Gen. Bambang Hendarso has said the type of explosives found were similar to those found in a recent raid on a home in West Java that was linked to Top.
Indonesian authorities have detained several witnesses and others for questioning, and have sent forensic evidence from the scene for testing, a spokesman for Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono said.
The White House said that U.S. President Barack Obama spoke in a telephone call on Saturday with Yudhoyono. Obama expressed "support for and solidarity with his government and the people of Indonesia" and offered U.S. government backing for the "ongoing Indonesian investigation." He also lauded Yudhoyono for his re-election earlier this month.
"The president noted that Indonesia's successful election on July 8 reminds the world that Islam, democracy, and diversity can coexist and thrive," the White House said.
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Meanwhile, the remains of another person in the Jakarta hotel attacks, bringing the death toll to nine people, police said on Saturday.
After the bombings on Friday, police found at least two headless corpses thought to be suicide attackers and at least six slain attack victims. Photo See images of the aftermath »
Authorities on Saturday concluded there is another death because they found a severed head that matches neither of the headless corpses. It is not known if that person was a hotel guest or one of the attackers.
Police also said one of the headless corpses is a female.
Four of the six attack victims were foreigners, according to the Health Ministry. The ministry identified two of the dead as Australian, one from New Zealand and one from Singapore. Another victim was Indonesian and the sixth remained unidentified.
Among the wounded were eight U.S. nationals, according to the U.S. State Department.
Five of the victims and one of the presumed suicide bombers were killed at the Marriott, according to police spokesman Inspector General Nanan Soekarna. Minutes later, another suicide bomber struck the Ritz-Carlton, killing one person and another bomber.
It is not clear where the recovered severed head was found.
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The bombings at the two luxury hotels -- which are connected by an underground tunnel -- happened shortly before 8 a.m. (9 p.m. Thursday ET). Both blasts struck the hotels' restaurants and several prominent international business leaders were among the casualties. The hotels are frequented by international visitors and many foreign nationals.
It is unclear how they got around the "robust security" at the hotels, according to Alan Orlob, security chief for Marriott Hotels. Orlob said there had been no indication of any "immediate threat in Jakarta." Ritz-Carlton is a subsidiary of Marriott.
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